highwall
nounPronunciation: /ˈhaɪwɔl/
The exposed rock face or steep slope created by surface mining operations.
Full Definition
A highwall is the vertical or near-vertical rock face that remains after overburden and coal or mineral deposits are removed during surface mining operations, particularly in strip mining and mountaintop removal. These steep slopes can range from a few feet to several hundred feet in height and represent significant safety hazards due to potential rockfall, slope instability, and access difficulties. Highwall reclamation typically involves reducing slope angles, installing drainage systems, and establishing vegetation to prevent erosion and improve safety. The stability and treatment of highwalls is a critical component of mine reclamation planning and long-term site safety.
Plain English
The tall, steep wall of rock that's left behind when strip mining cuts into a hillside or mountain.
In Editorial Context
A prominent visual and safety feature of surface mining impacts that requires clear description of stabilization methods and long-term maintenance commitments in reclamation documentation.
Etymology & History
Term developed with expansion of mechanized surface mining in early 20th century, particularly strip mining for coal.
Originally mining industry jargon that became standard regulatory and technical terminology.
Usage
"The reclamation plan requires reducing the 150-foot highwall to a maximum 2:1 slope ratio and establishing native vegetation cover."
Usage note: Primarily used in North American mining contexts; other regions may use 'final slope' or 'excavated face'.
Context: surface mining operations, reclamation planning, safety assessments, geotechnical engineering
Region: US
Also known as
Contrasted with
Don't confuse with
Spoil piles are accumulated waste material while highwalls are excavated faces