Cavitation-induced embolism
nounPronunciation: /kævɪˈteɪʃən ɪnˈdjuːst ˈɛmbɒlɪzəm/
The formation of air-filled gaps in plant vascular tissues when water columns under tension break during extreme drought stress, disrupting water transport and potentially causing permanent vessel dysfunction. This mechanism is critical to understanding plant hydraulic failure during severe water stress.
Plain English
Air bubbles that form and block water movement in plant vessels when drought stress causes water to break apart.
Etymology & History
Usage
"Cavitation-induced embolism is the primary mechanism of hydraulic failure in trees experiencing severe drought stress."
Style guide notes: Distinguish between cavitation initiation and embolism development; cavitation is the physical event, embolism is the resulting blocked vessel state.
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Related Terms
Frequently Asked Questions
Why does cavitation occur in plants during drought?
Water under high tension in vessels becomes unstable; when air enters through pit membranes or damaged cells, bubbles form and expand, blocking water flow.
Can plants recover from cavitation-induced embolism?
Some species can refill vessels with water through root pressure or dissolved gases, but severe embolism may be irreversible without water availability.
Why Test Candidates on This?
Highly relevant for assessing plant vulnerability to extreme drought and understanding physiological limits of water stress tolerance.
Required skill level: Senior