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Basic Technical IVT Commonly tested

Heat shock protein (HSP)

noun

Pronunciation: /hiːt ʃɒk ˈprəʊtiːn/

Chaperone proteins that are rapidly synthesized in response to elevated temperatures and other abiotic stresses, functioning to refold damaged proteins and prevent protein aggregation. HSPs maintain cellular proteostasis and are classified by molecular weight (HSP20, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, HSP90, HSP100).

Plain English

Protective proteins that plants rapidly produce during heat stress to fix damaged proteins and maintain cell function.

Etymology & History

Origin languageEnglish, Greek
Rootheat (thermal energy) + shock (sudden stress) + proteios (primary, first)
First recorded use1962
Usage frequencyVery common

Usage

"HSP70 expression increased dramatically within 30 minutes of heat treatment, correlating with thermotolerance."

Style guide notes: Always specify the HSP type (e.g., HSP70) and use italics for gene names (e.g., Hsp70) versus protein names.

Also known as

molecular chaperone stress protein

Contrasted with

unstressed protein constitutive protein

Related Terms

Frequently Asked Questions

Which HSP types are most important in plant stress responses?

HSP70 and HSP90 are primary heat shock proteins; HSP20 confers thermotolerance; HSP100 assists protein degradation under stress.

Do HSPs only respond to heat stress?

No; HSPs are induced by multiple abiotic stresses including cold, drought, salt, oxidative stress, and heavy metals.

Why Test Candidates on This?

Critical marker in heat tolerance breeding, stress physiology research, and climate adaptation studies.

Required skill level: Mid

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