oxidative burst
nounPronunciation: /ɒkˈsɪdeɪtɪv bɜːst/
A rapid, transient increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production within plant cells triggered by stress perception, serving as a signaling mechanism for defense activation. This process generates superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide that initiate downstream stress-response pathways.
Plain English
A sudden spike in harmful oxygen molecules that plants produce to trigger their defense responses against stress.
Etymology & History
Usage
"The oxidative burst observed within minutes of pathogen challenge precedes the activation of systemic acquired resistance in tobacco plants."
Style guide notes: Distinguish between controlled oxidative burst (signaling) and harmful oxidative stress (damage); specify ROS species when possible.
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Contrasted with
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Frequently Asked Questions
What triggers an oxidative burst in plants?
Pathogen detection, mechanical wounding, extreme temperatures, heavy metals, and osmotic stress activate rapid ROS generation.
Is oxidative burst harmful or beneficial for plants?
It serves dual roles: signaling defense activation at low levels, but causing cellular damage if uncontrolled.
Why Test Candidates on This?
Essential for understanding stress perception and early defense mechanisms in molecular plant physiology courses.
Required skill level: Mid