Oxidative stress
noun phrasePronunciation: /ˈɒksɪdətɪv ˈstrɛs/
An imbalance between production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the plant's capacity to neutralize them through enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, resulting in cellular damage. Multiple abiotic stresses trigger ROS accumulation that damages proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
Plain English
A harmful condition where reactive oxygen molecules accumulate in plant cells faster than the plant can neutralize them, causing cellular damage.
Etymology & History
Usage
"Oxidative stress induced by combined heat and drought stresses damages photosynthetic apparatus through ROS-mediated lipid peroxidation."
Style guide notes: Specify ROS types (superoxide, H2O2, etc.) rather than using 'oxidative stress' alone when mechanism clarity is required.
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Contrasted with
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Frequently Asked Questions
Which ROS molecules are most abundant in stressed plants?
Superoxide radical, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, and singlet oxygen are primary ROS produced during plant stress.
How do plants combat oxidative stress?
Plants use SOD, catalase, peroxidases enzymes and non-enzymatic antioxidants like ascorbate and glutathione to neutralize ROS.
Why Test Candidates on This?
Oxidative stress understanding is critical because it represents a common consequence of multiple abiotic stresses affecting plant viability.
Required skill level: Mid