Xylem cavitation
nounPronunciation: /ˈzaɪləm kævɪˈteɪʃən/
The formation of air-filled gaps in xylem vessels that disrupts water column continuity and impedes water transport to shoots. This occurs when water potential drops below the cavitation threshold, breaking hydrogen bonds between water molecules.
Plain English
Air bubbles forming in water-conducting tubes that block water movement from roots to leaves.
Etymology & History
Usage
"Severe xylem cavitation during extended drought can cause irreversible loss of plant hydraulic conductivity."
Style guide notes: Use 'cavitation' precisely; avoid casual reference to 'vessel damage' without specifying mechanism.
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Related Terms
Frequently Asked Questions
Can plants recover from xylem cavitation damage?
Partial recovery occurs through vessel refilling mechanisms, but extensive cavitation causes permanent dysfunction.
What water potential threshold triggers xylem cavitation?
Species-specific thresholds typically range from -0.5 to -4.0 MPa depending on wood anatomy.
Why Test Candidates on This?
Essential for understanding plant survival thresholds during severe drought and predicting species-specific drought vulnerability.
Required skill level: Expert