Xylem embolism
nounPronunciation: /ˈzaɪləm ˈembəlɪzəm/
The disruption of water continuity in xylem vessels due to the formation of air bubbles (emboli) when water potential becomes sufficiently negative to exceed the water-holding capacity of vessel walls. This blocks water transport and leads to hydraulic failure in plant tissues.
Plain English
The formation of air bubbles in plant water-conducting tubes that blocks water transport during severe water stress.
Etymology & History
Usage
"Xylem embolism during drought conditions prevents water translocation, causing hydraulic failure and leaf wilting."
Style guide notes: Use 'xylem embolism' consistently; avoid outdated term 'air lock' in scientific contexts.
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Related Terms
Frequently Asked Questions
How do plants form xylem emboli during drought?
Air enters vessels through pit membranes when water potential becomes too negative, creating vapor-filled cavities.
Can plants recover from xylem embolism?
Some plants refill embolized vessels using root pressure or stored carbohydrates, allowing partial hydraulic recovery.
Why Test Candidates on This?
Critical for understanding drought-induced plant mortality and water transport physiology in arid environments.
Required skill level: Senior