tube thoracostomy
A surgical procedure involving placement of a chest tube into the pleural space to drain air, blood, or other fluid.
Full Definition
Tube thoracostomy, commonly known as chest tube insertion, is a procedure where a large-bore tube is placed into the pleural space through an incision in the chest wall. The procedure is used to treat pneumothorax, hemothorax, pleural effusions, or empyema. Proper technique involves identifying anatomical landmarks (typically the fifth intercostal space at the anterior axillary line), making an incision, blunt dissection through muscle layers, and careful insertion of the tube. The tube is connected to a drainage system with underwater seal or suction. Complications include injury to internal organs, bleeding, infection, and malposition. The procedure requires sterile technique and appropriate anesthesia.
Usage
Usage note: Often referred to simply as 'chest tube' in clinical practice. Distinguish from thoracentesis, which uses a smaller needle for diagnostic sampling.
In Context
- "A tube thoracostomy was performed to evacuate the hemothorax and re-expand the collapsed lung." — Operative report
- "Following needle decompression of the tension pneumothorax, definitive tube thoracostomy was completed." — Emergency department procedure note