adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Also written as: AIS — Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Spinal curvature that develops during adolescence without an identifiable underlying cause, requiring monitoring and potential intervention.
Full Definition
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional spinal deformity that develops during adolescence, typically between ages 10-18, without an identifiable underlying cause. The condition is characterized by lateral curvature of the spine with rotation, most commonly affecting the thoracic region. AIS is more prevalent in females and tends to progress during periods of rapid growth. Screening often occurs in school settings or during routine physical examinations. Treatment depends on curve magnitude, skeletal maturity, and progression risk, ranging from observation for mild curves to bracing for moderate curves and surgical intervention for severe curves exceeding 45-50 degrees. Early detection and appropriate management are crucial to prevent progression and associated complications such as pulmonary function impairment.
Usage
Usage note: Always specify 'idiopathic' to distinguish from scoliosis with known causes.
In Context
- "School screening identified a 25-degree thoracic curve consistent with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis." — Screening report
- "Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis progression monitoring requires serial radiographs during growth spurts." — Clinical protocol