PCOS
Also written as: PCOS — Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Polycystic ovary syndrome, a hormonal disorder affecting adolescent females with irregular periods and elevated androgens.
Full Definition
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting reproductive-aged females, including adolescents. The condition is characterized by irregular menstrual cycles, elevated androgen levels, and often polycystic ovarian morphology on ultrasound. In adolescents, diagnosis can be challenging as irregular cycles are normal for the first two years after menarche. PCOS is associated with insulin resistance, obesity, and increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Management focuses on lifestyle modifications, hormonal contraceptives to regulate cycles, and metformin for insulin resistance. Early diagnosis and intervention are important to prevent long-term complications and address symptoms that can significantly impact quality of life.
Usage
Usage note: Do not confuse with PCOD (polycystic ovarian disease), which is an older, less precise term.
In Context
- "The 16-year-old was diagnosed with PCOS based on irregular menses and clinical hyperandrogenism." — Diagnostic summary
- "PCOS management in adolescents should focus on lifestyle intervention and symptom control." — Treatment guideline