cardiac index
Cardiac output normalized to body surface area, typically measured in L/min/m².
Full Definition
Cardiac index is a hemodynamic parameter that represents cardiac output adjusted for body surface area, calculated as cardiac output (L/min) divided by body surface area (m²). Normal values range from 2.5-4.0 L/min/m². This measurement provides a more accurate assessment of cardiac performance across patients of different sizes compared to absolute cardiac output. Cardiac index is particularly useful in critical care settings, during cardiac catheterization, and in heart failure management. Low cardiac index may indicate cardiogenic shock or severe heart failure, while elevated values may suggest hyperdynamic states such as sepsis or thyrotoxicosis.
Usage
Usage note: Always include units (L/min/m²) when reporting numerical values.
In Context
- "The patient's cardiac index of 1.8 L/min/m² indicated cardiogenic shock." — Intensive care unit note
- "Thermodilution measurement revealed a preserved cardiac index despite reduced ejection fraction." — Cardiac catheterization report