IABP
Also written as: IABP — Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump
Intra-aortic balloon pump, a mechanical circulatory support device that inflates during diastole and deflates during systole to augment coronary perfusion.
Full Definition
An intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is a temporary mechanical circulatory support device consisting of a balloon catheter positioned in the descending aorta. The balloon inflates during diastole to increase diastolic pressure and coronary perfusion, then rapidly deflates just before systole to reduce afterload and decrease myocardial oxygen demand. IABPs are commonly used in cardiogenic shock, high-risk percutaneous coronary interventions, and as a bridge to definitive therapy such as heart transplantation or ventricular assist devices. The device requires precise timing with the cardiac cycle and anticoagulation to prevent thrombotic complications.
Usage
Usage note: Spell out 'intra-aortic balloon pump' on first use in formal documentation.
In Context
- "An IABP was inserted for hemodynamic support during high-risk coronary intervention." — Procedural documentation
- "The patient's cardiogenic shock improved with IABP support, allowing for successful weaning after 72 hours." — Critical care progress note