Mitral valve prolapse
Abnormal systolic displacement of mitral valve leaflets into the left atrium, often associated with mitral regurgitation.
Full Definition
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a common valvular abnormality in which one or both mitral valve leaflets bulge backward into the left atrium during systolic contraction. This condition affects approximately 2-3% of the population and can range from mild prolapse without clinical significance to severe prolapse with significant mitral regurgitation. MVP is often associated with myxomatous degeneration of the valve tissue, connective tissue disorders, or can be idiopathic. Most patients are asymptomatic, but some may experience chest pain, palpitations, or fatigue. Echocardiography is the primary diagnostic tool, and the condition may be associated with a characteristic mid-systolic click on auscultation. In severe cases with significant regurgitation, surgical repair or replacement may be necessary.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguished from mitral regurgitation, which may be a consequence but is a separate pathophysiologic process.
In Context
- "Echocardiography demonstrated mitral valve prolapse with mild to moderate regurgitation." — Cardiology consultation
- "The patient's chest pain was attributed to mitral valve prolapse syndrome rather than coronary disease." — Clinical assessment