pericardiocentesis
Pronunciation: pair-ih-KAR-dee-oh-sen-TEE-sis
Procedure to remove fluid from the pericardial space using needle aspiration or catheter drainage.
Full Definition
Pericardiocentesis is an invasive procedure performed to remove fluid, blood, or other material from the pericardial space surrounding the heart. The procedure can be performed emergently in cases of cardiac tamponade or electively for diagnostic purposes or symptomatic relief of large pericardial effusions. Modern technique typically involves echocardiographic or fluoroscopic guidance with subxiphoid approach being most common. The procedure carries risks including pneumothorax, cardiac perforation, and arrhythmias. Fluid obtained should be sent for analysis including cell count, protein, glucose, cultures, and cytology as clinically indicated.
Usage
Usage note: Specify guidance method (echo vs. fluoro) and approach (subxiphoid vs. apical) in procedural documentation.
In Context
- "Emergent pericardiocentesis was performed for hemodynamically significant cardiac tamponade." — Procedure note
- "Echo-guided pericardiocentesis yielded 800 mL of serous fluid for diagnostic analysis." — Cardiology procedure report