dysmetria
Pronunciation: dis-MEH-tree-ah
Impaired ability to control the distance, power, and speed of muscular action, resulting in overshoot or undershoot of intended movements.
Full Definition
Dysmetria is a cardinal sign of cerebellar dysfunction characterized by the inability to accurately gauge the force and distance required for voluntary movements. Patients typically exhibit past-pointing, where they overshoot or undershoot their intended target during finger-to-nose or heel-to-shin testing. This reflects dysfunction of the cerebellum's role in motor planning and coordination. Dysmetria can affect both appendicular (limb) and axial (trunk) movements and is often accompanied by other cerebellar signs such as intention tremor and dysdiadochokinesia. It is commonly seen in cerebellar strokes, multiple sclerosis, and degenerative cerebellar disorders.
Usage
Usage note: Document specific testing maneuvers and whether the dysmetria is appendicular or axial.
In Context
- "Finger-to-nose testing revealed significant dysmetria in the right upper extremity." — Neurological examination
- "The patient's dysmetria improved with visual guidance but worsened with eyes closed." — Clinical assessment note