dystonia

Full Definition

Dystonia is a movement disorder characterized by sustained or intermittent muscle contractions that cause twisting, repetitive movements, abnormal postures, or both. The contractions may be painful and can affect one muscle, a muscle group, or the entire body. Dystonia can be primary (idiopathic) or secondary to other conditions such as brain injury, medication effects, or neurodegenerative diseases. Classification includes focal, segmental, multifocal, and generalized forms.

Usage

Usage note: Can be classified by body distribution (focal, segmental) or etiology (primary, secondary).

In Context

• "The patient developed focal dystonia affecting the left hand after starting the medication." — Medication review note
• "Cervical dystonia was treated with botulinum toxin injections." — Treatment plan