neurocysticercosis
Pronunciation: new-ro-sis-ti-ser-KO-sis
Central nervous system infection caused by larval stage of the pork tapeworm Taenia solium.
Full Definition
Neurocysticercosis is the most common parasitic infection of the central nervous system worldwide, caused by the larval stage (cysticercus) of Taenia solium. The condition occurs when humans ingest eggs of the pork tapeworm through contaminated food or water, or by autoinfection. Larvae can lodge in various parts of the brain, including the parenchyma, ventricles, or subarachnoid space, causing different clinical syndromes. Common presentations include seizures, headaches, and focal neurological deficits. Diagnosis is based on neuroimaging findings, serological tests, and clinical criteria. Treatment involves antiparasitic medications (albendazole or praziquantel) often combined with corticosteroids to reduce inflammation.
Usage
Usage note: Consider in patients with seizures or neurological symptoms from endemic areas.
In Context
- "Multiple ring-enhancing lesions on MRI raised suspicion for neurocysticercosis in this patient from an endemic area." — Infectious disease consultation
- "Neurocysticercosis remains an important cause of adult-onset epilepsy in developing countries." — Global neurology review