contrast-induced nephropathy
Acute kidney injury occurring after contrast agent administration during cardiac imaging procedures.
Full Definition
Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a form of acute kidney injury that develops within 48-72 hours after exposure to iodinated contrast agents during cardiac imaging or interventional procedures. The condition is characterized by an absolute increase in serum creatinine of 0.5 mg/dL or a relative increase of 25% from baseline. Risk factors include pre-existing kidney disease, diabetes, dehydration, and high contrast volumes. Prevention strategies include adequate hydration, use of low-osmolar contrast agents, and limitation of contrast volume. CIN is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs.
Usage
Usage note: Hyphenate when used as adjective; CIN acceptable in clinical contexts.
In Context
- "Prophylactic hydration was initiated to reduce the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy." — Pre-procedure protocol
- "The patient developed CIN with creatinine rising from 1.2 to 1.8 mg/dL post-catheterization." — Complication report