CTO
Pronunciation: C-T-O
Also written as: CTO — Chronic Total Occlusion
Complete arterial blockage present for an extended period, typically requiring specialized intervention techniques for recanalization.
Full Definition
Chronic Total Occlusion (CTO) refers to a complete blockage of an artery that has been present for an extended period, typically defined as more than three months duration. CTOs are characterized by the complete absence of antegrade flow through the occluded segment and often develop extensive collateral circulation. These lesions present significant technical challenges for revascularization due to their length, calcification, and the presence of organized thrombus and fibrous tissue. Successful CTO recanalization requires specialized techniques including dedicated guidewires, re-entry devices, and retrograde approaches. The decision to intervene depends on symptoms, viable distal tissue, and overall patient prognosis.
Usage
Usage note: Specify anatomical location and duration when documenting CTO lesions.
In Context
- "The RCA CTO was successfully recanalized using a retrograde approach through septal collaterals." — Interventional cardiology procedure note
- "Complex CTO intervention was deferred due to poor distal target and limited functional capacity." — Cardiac catheterization report