restenosis
Recurrent narrowing of a blood vessel following previous interventional treatment such as angioplasty or stent placement.
Full Definition
Restenosis refers to the re-narrowing of a previously treated arterial segment, representing a major limitation of endovascular interventions. The process involves neointimal hyperplasia, where smooth muscle cell proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition gradually reduce luminal diameter. In-stent restenosis specifically occurs within previously implanted stents and may present as focal, diffuse, or proliferative patterns. Risk factors include diabetes, small vessel diameter, long lesion length, and procedural factors such as residual dissection. Treatment options include repeat balloon angioplasty, cutting balloon procedures, drug-coated balloon therapy, or surgical bypass depending on lesion characteristics and patient factors.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish between in-stent restenosis and native vessel restenosis in follow-up documentation.
In Context
- "Follow-up imaging at six months revealed significant restenosis of the treated vessel segment." — Follow-up report
- "The patient presented with recurrent symptoms due to in-stent restenosis." — Clinical assessment