stenosis
The abnormal narrowing of a blood vessel, heart valve, or other tubular structure.
Full Definition
Stenosis refers to the pathological narrowing of any tubular structure in the body, most commonly applied to blood vessels, heart valves, or other conduits. In vascular contexts, stenosis typically results from atherosclerotic plaque formation, smooth muscle cell proliferation, or external compression. The degree of stenosis is often quantified as a percentage of luminal diameter reduction compared to normal vessel caliber. Significant stenosis can impair blood flow, leading to ischemic symptoms and requiring therapeutic intervention such as angioplasty, stenting, or surgical bypass. The term is fundamental in describing cardiovascular pathology and treatment planning.
Usage
Usage note: Plural form is 'stenoses'.
In Context
- "Significant stenosis of the left main coronary artery was identified on cardiac catheterization." — Cardiac catheterization report
- "The patient presented with claudication secondary to femoral artery stenosis." — Vascular surgery consultation