thoracic outlet syndrome
Compression of neurovascular structures in the thoracic outlet, affecting the subclavian vessels or brachial plexus.
Full Definition
Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) encompasses a group of disorders caused by compression of neurovascular structures in the thoracic outlet space between the scalene muscles, first rib, and clavicle. The condition is classified into three types: neurogenic (affecting brachial plexus), arterial (subclavian artery), and venous (subclavian vein). Symptoms vary by type but may include arm pain, numbness, weakness, or vascular compromise. Arterial TOS may present with embolic events or arm claudication, while venous TOS can cause arm swelling and thrombosis.
Usage
Usage note: Specify subtype (neurogenic, arterial, or venous) when known for accurate classification.
In Context
- "The patient's arm symptoms and positive provocative tests suggested neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome." — Neurology consultation
- "Arterial thoracic outlet syndrome was confirmed by angiographic demonstration of subclavian artery compression during arm abduction." — Vascular surgery evaluation