arterial stiffness
Pathophysiological condition characterized by reduced arterial elasticity and increased pulse wave velocity.
Full Definition
Arterial stiffness represents a fundamental pathophysiological alteration in arterial wall properties characterized by reduced elasticity, increased rigidity, and elevated pulse wave velocity. This condition results from structural changes in the arterial wall including elastin degradation, collagen accumulation, smooth muscle cell proliferation, and calcification. Arterial stiffness is measured through various techniques including pulse wave velocity analysis, augmentation index assessment, and distensibility measurements. Increased arterial stiffness is associated with aging, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, serving as both a consequence of vascular damage and a predictor of future cardiovascular events.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from arterial stenosis which refers to luminal narrowing rather than wall properties.
In Context
- "Increased arterial stiffness was evidenced by elevated pulse wave velocity measurements." — Cardiovascular assessment
- "The study demonstrated a correlation between arterial stiffness and left ventricular hypertrophy." — Research findings