no-reflow phenomenon
Condition where microvascular perfusion remains impaired despite successful restoration of epicardial vessel patency.
Full Definition
The no-reflow phenomenon describes the clinical and angiographic finding of inadequate myocardial or tissue perfusion despite successful restoration of patency in the epicardial artery or main vessel. This condition results from microvascular dysfunction caused by multiple factors including distal embolization of atherothrombotic debris, endothelial swelling, vasospasm, and inflammatory responses. No-reflow is characterized angiographically by slow or absent contrast flow (TIMI flow grade 0-2) and may be associated with poor clinical outcomes. The phenomenon is most commonly encountered during primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction but can occur in peripheral interventions as well.
Usage
Usage note: Hyphenate 'no-reflow' in all uses. Often preceded by 'the' when referring to the specific phenomenon.
In Context
- "Despite successful stent deployment, the patient developed no-reflow phenomenon requiring vasodilator therapy." — Procedural complication note
- "The no-reflow phenomenon was treated with intracoronary adenosine and nicardipine." — Intervention management report