string-of-beads sign
A characteristic angiographic appearance of alternating areas of stenosis and dilation resembling a beaded necklace.
Full Definition
The string-of-beads sign is a pathognomonic angiographic finding consisting of alternating areas of arterial stenosis and post-stenotic dilation that creates an appearance similar to a string of beads or pearls. This sign is classically associated with medial fibromuscular dysplasia, particularly affecting the renal arteries. The appearance results from smooth muscle hyperplasia and fibrosis in the arterial wall creating irregular luminal narrowing. While most commonly seen in fibromuscular dysplasia, similar appearances may occasionally be observed in other conditions affecting medium-sized arteries.
Usage
Usage note: Always hyphenated when used as a compound modifier before a noun.
In Context
- "The right renal artery displayed a classic string-of-beads sign on selective angiography." — Interventional procedure report
- "String-of-beads appearance in the mid-portion of the vessel is diagnostic for fibromuscular dysplasia." — Teaching case description