carcinogenesis
Pronunciation: kar-sin-oh-JEN-eh-sis
The process by which normal cells transform into cancer cells.
Full Definition
Carcinogenesis is the multistep process through which normal cells acquire malignant characteristics and develop into cancer. This transformation typically involves multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations that accumulate over time, affecting cell cycle control, apoptosis, DNA repair, and other critical cellular functions. The process can be initiated by various factors including chemical carcinogens, radiation, infectious agents, and inherited genetic defects. Understanding carcinogenesis mechanisms is fundamental to cancer prevention, early detection, and therapeutic intervention strategies.
Usage
Usage note: Often used interchangeably with oncogenesis in medical literature.
In Context
- "The study investigated environmental factors in carcinogenesis." — Epidemiological research
- "Carcinogenesis involves sequential genetic alterations over time." — Review article