dormancy

Full Definition

Cancer dormancy refers to a state where cancer cells remain viable but non-proliferative for extended periods, often years or decades. This phenomenon can occur at the single-cell level (cellular dormancy) or involve small tumor masses (tumor mass dormancy). Dormant cancer cells are typically resistant to conventional therapies that target dividing cells and may later reactivate to cause cancer recurrence or metastasis. Understanding dormancy mechanisms is crucial for preventing late recurrences and developing maintenance therapies.

Usage

Usage note: Distinguish from cellular senescence, which is typically irreversible.

In Context

• "Late recurrence suggested prolonged cancer cell dormancy." — Clinical case analysis
• "The model system studied mechanisms of tumor dormancy." — Research proposal