immunohistochemistry
Laboratory technique using antibodies to detect specific proteins in tissue sections for cancer diagnosis and biomarker analysis.
Full Definition
A histopathological staining method that uses specific antibodies to visualize and localize particular proteins or antigens within tissue sections. In cancer genomics and precision medicine, immunohistochemistry is commonly used to detect protein expression levels of therapeutic targets, assess mismatch repair protein status, and evaluate immune markers like PD-L1 expression. Results are typically scored based on staining intensity and percentage of positive cells, providing semi-quantitative protein expression data that complements genomic testing.
Usage
Usage note: IHC abbreviation acceptable after first mention; specify antibodies and scoring methods when editing technical documents.
In Context
- "Immunohistochemistry for PD-L1 expression showed 85% tumor cell positivity, indicating potential immunotherapy benefit." — Pathology report
- "Mismatch repair protein status was evaluated by immunohistochemistry prior to microsatellite instability testing." — Laboratory workflow description