tumor mutational burden
The total number of mutations per megabase of DNA in a tumor sample, used as a biomarker for immunotherapy response.
Full Definition
Tumor mutational burden (TMB) is a quantitative measure of the total number of somatic mutations present in a tumor sample, typically expressed as mutations per megabase of examined DNA. High TMB tumors tend to produce more neoantigens, making them more likely to respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors. This biomarker has become increasingly important in oncology for predicting which patients might benefit from immunotherapy treatments. TMB assessment requires comprehensive genomic profiling and careful interpretation of sequencing data.
Usage
Usage note: Abbreviate as TMB after first use; ensure units (mutations per megabase) are specified.
In Context
- "Patients with high tumor mutational burden showed improved response rates to pembrolizumab therapy." — Clinical trial report
- "The laboratory reported a tumor mutational burden of 15 mutations per megabase." — Genomic testing report