aortic cannulation
The surgical insertion of a cannula into the ascending aorta to establish arterial inflow for cardiopulmonary bypass.
Full Definition
Aortic cannulation is a fundamental step in cardiac surgery that involves placing a cannula (tube) into the ascending aorta to return oxygenated blood from the heart-lung machine to the patient's systemic circulation during cardiopulmonary bypass. The procedure requires careful selection of cannulation site to avoid atherosclerotic plaques or calcification, proper sizing of the cannula to ensure adequate flow, and secure fixation to prevent dislodgement or malposition. Alternative cannulation sites may be used in cases of ascending aortic disease, including the femoral artery, subclavian artery, or direct aortic arch cannulation. Proper aortic cannulation is essential for safe conduct of cardiopulmonary bypass and successful cardiac surgery outcomes.
Usage
Usage note: Specify cannula size and location; distinguish from venous cannulation procedures.
In Context
- "Aortic cannulation was performed in the distal ascending aorta with a 24 French cannula." — operative report
- "Alternative aortic cannulation through the right subclavian artery was chosen due to severe atherosclerosis." — surgical note