milrinone
Pronunciation: MIL-ri-noan
Phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitor providing both positive inotropic and vasodilatory effects for cardiac support.
Full Definition
Milrinone is a selective phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitor that increases myocardial contractility (positive inotropy) while causing peripheral vasodilation, making it particularly useful in cardiac surgery patients with low cardiac output and elevated systemic vascular resistance. Unlike catecholamine inotropes, milrinone's mechanism bypasses beta-adrenergic receptors, making it effective even in patients with receptor downregulation or beta-blocker therapy. The drug requires dose adjustment in renal impairment and may cause hypotension due to its vasodilatory properties, often necessitating concurrent vasopressor support.
Usage
Usage note: Specify dosing units clearly (mcg/kg/min) to prevent medication errors.
In Context
- "Milrinone infusion was initiated at 0.375 mcg/kg/min for low cardiac output post-bypass." — ICU medication order
- "The combination of milrinone and norepinephrine provided optimal hemodynamic support." — Postoperative care note