pericardial effusion
Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space surrounding the heart.
Full Definition
Pericardial effusion refers to the pathological collection of fluid within the pericardial space, the potential space between the visceral and parietal layers of the pericardium. This condition can range from small, incidental findings to large effusions causing hemodynamic compromise through cardiac tamponade. Echocardiography is the primary imaging modality for detection and quantification, showing echo-free space around the heart. CT and MRI can provide additional characterization of fluid composition and pericardial thickness. The effusion may be transudative, exudative, hemorrhagic, or purulent depending on the underlying etiology.
Usage
Usage note: Quantification terminology (trace, small, moderate, large) should be consistent with established guidelines.
In Context
- "Echocardiography demonstrated a moderate pericardial effusion without evidence of tamponade." — Echo report
- "The pericardial effusion measured 2.5 cm in the dependent portion posteriorly." — Imaging measurement documentation