aortic insufficiency
Backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle due to incompetent aortic valve closure.
Full Definition
Aortic insufficiency, also known as aortic regurgitation, is a valvular heart condition characterized by the retrograde flow of blood from the aorta back into the left ventricle during diastole due to inadequate aortic valve closure. This condition can be acute or chronic, with different hemodynamic consequences and clinical presentations. In cardiac surgery, severe aortic insufficiency typically requires surgical intervention through aortic valve repair or replacement. The condition can result from various etiologies including bicuspid aortic valve, rheumatic disease, endocarditis, aortic root dilatation, or trauma.
Usage
Usage note: Preferred term over 'aortic regurgitation' in formal documentation. Distinguish from aortic stenosis.
In Context
- "Severe aortic insufficiency was confirmed by echocardiography with a regurgitant fraction of 65%." — Cardiology consultation
- "The patient developed acute aortic insufficiency secondary to ascending aortic dissection." — Emergency department note