median sternotomy

Full Definition

The most common approach for cardiac surgery, involving a vertical incision through the sternum from the suprasternal notch to the xiphoid process. The sternum is divided with an oscillating saw and retracted to expose the mediastinum. This approach provides excellent visualization of the heart, ascending aorta, and pulmonary arteries. Closure involves rewiring the sternum with steel wires and suturing the overlying tissues in layers.

Usage

Usage note: Distinguish from partial sternotomy approaches like ministernotomy.

In Context

• "A median sternotomy was performed to access the ascending aorta for valve replacement." — operative report
• "The patient recovered well from median sternotomy with no evidence of sternal instability." — post-operative note