myocardial ischemia
Reduced blood flow to the heart muscle resulting in inadequate oxygen delivery and potential tissue damage.
Full Definition
Myocardial ischemia occurs when coronary blood flow is insufficient to meet the metabolic demands of cardiac muscle. This condition can result from coronary artery disease, coronary spasm, embolism, or increased oxygen demand exceeding supply. In cardiac surgery, ischemia may occur perioperatively due to cross-clamping, inadequate cardioplegia, or coronary air embolism. Clinical manifestations include chest pain, ECG changes, and cardiac enzyme elevation. Prolonged ischemia leads to myocardial infarction and irreversible tissue damage. Prevention strategies during surgery include optimal myocardial protection, temperature management, and prompt recognition of ischemic episodes.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from myocardial infarction (tissue death) and angina (symptom of ischemia).
In Context
- "Transient myocardial ischemia was noted during weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass." — Operative complication note
- "Preoperative stress testing revealed evidence of myocardial ischemia in the anterior territory." — Diagnostic evaluation