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papillary muscle rupture
Acute disruption of mitral valve papillary muscle, typically following myocardial infarction, requiring emergency surgical repair.
Full Definition
Papillary muscle rupture is a catastrophic complication of acute myocardial infarction involving complete or partial disruption of one of the papillary muscles that support the mitral valve apparatus. This condition leads to acute severe mitral regurgitation, cardiogenic shock, and pulmonary edema. Emergency surgical intervention with mitral valve replacement or repair is typically required, as medical management alone is associated with extremely high mortality rates.
Usage
Usage note: Specify which papillary muscle (anterolateral vs. posteromedial) when known.
In Context
- "Emergency surgery revealed complete papillary muscle rupture requiring mitral valve replacement." — Emergency operative report
- "The patient developed cardiogenic shock secondary to papillary muscle rupture complicating inferior MI." — Emergency documentation
Also known as
papillary muscle tear
PM rupture
Don't confuse with
chordal rupture
ventricular septal rupture