Systolic Anterior Motion
Also written as: SAM — Systolic Anterior Motion
Abnormal forward movement of the mitral valve during systole, potentially causing left ventricular outflow tract obstruction.
Full Definition
Systolic anterior motion (SAM) is an echocardiographic finding characterized by abnormal anterior displacement of the mitral valve apparatus during systole. This phenomenon can occur after mitral valve repair, particularly in patients with excess mitral leaflet tissue or in the setting of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. SAM can result in mitral regurgitation and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, creating a dynamic gradient that may require surgical revision. The condition is diagnosed by echocardiography and may necessitate modification of the repair technique, such as sliding leaflet plasty or chordal shortening. Recognition of SAM risk factors during mitral repair is crucial for optimal surgical outcomes.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as SAM in clinical documentation.
In Context
- "Intraoperative TEE revealed systolic anterior motion with moderate mitral regurgitation, requiring revision of the mitral repair." — Operative report
- "The patient developed systolic anterior motion postoperatively, managed with beta-blockade and fluid loading to reduce outflow tract gradient." — Postoperative note