ventricular septal defect
Congenital heart defect characterized by an abnormal opening in the wall separating the heart's two lower chambers.
Full Definition
Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is the most common congenital heart defect, characterized by an abnormal communication between the left and right ventricles through the interventricular septum. VSDs are classified by their location within the septum (perimembranous, muscular, inlet, or outlet) and by their size and hemodynamic significance. Small VSDs may close spontaneously during childhood, while larger defects can cause congestive heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, and failure to thrive, requiring surgical closure. Surgical repair typically involves patch closure or primary suture repair, depending on the defect size and location.
Usage
Usage note: Commonly abbreviated as VSD. Specify type (location) and size when documenting. Distinguish from ASD.
In Context
- "A large perimembranous ventricular septal defect was closed with a Dacron patch." — Operative report
- "The small muscular ventricular septal defect showed signs of spontaneous closure on follow-up echo." — Cardiology clinic note