vasospastic angina
A clinical syndrome caused by coronary artery spasm leading to transient vessel occlusion, often diagnosed through provocative testing during angiography.
Full Definition
Vasospastic angina, also known as Prinzmetal's angina or variant angina, results from spontaneous coronary artery spasm causing transient vessel occlusion and myocardial ischemia. The condition typically occurs at rest and may be associated with ST-segment elevation during episodes. Angiographically, patients may have normal coronaries or non-obstructive disease, with spasm induced by provocative agents such as acetylcholine or ergonovine during catheterization. The spasm can be focal or diffuse and typically responds to calcium channel blockers and nitrates. Diagnosis requires demonstration of coronary spasm either spontaneously or through pharmacological provocation, with spasm defined as greater than 90% luminal narrowing with associated symptoms or ECG changes.
Usage
Usage note: Specify the provocative agent used for spasm induction. Document spasm location and severity when observed.
In Context
- "Provocative testing with acetylcholine induced severe vasospastic angina with transient LAD occlusion and ST elevation." — Diagnostic catheterization report
- "The patient's chest pain episodes were consistent with vasospastic angina given the normal coronary angiography and circadian pattern." — Clinical assessment note