apical ballooning syndrome
A form of stress-induced cardiomyopathy characterized by temporary left ventricular dysfunction with distinctive apical ballooning appearance on imaging.
Full Definition
Apical ballooning syndrome, also known as stress cardiomyopathy or broken heart syndrome, is a temporary condition where the heart's main pumping chamber fails to contract effectively. The condition typically occurs following severe emotional or physical stress and is characterized by a distinctive ballooning of the left ventricular apex on echocardiography or ventriculography. Unlike myocardial infarction, coronary arteries are typically normal, and the condition is usually reversible within weeks to months. The syndrome predominantly affects postmenopausal women and mimics acute coronary syndrome in presentation.
Usage
Usage note: Often used interchangeably with stress cardiomyopathy, but apical ballooning specifically refers to the imaging appearance.
In Context
- "The patient developed apical ballooning syndrome following the sudden death of her spouse." — case report
- "Echocardiography revealed the characteristic apical ballooning pattern consistent with stress-induced cardiomyopathy." — imaging report