glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor
G-protein coupled receptor that mediates effects of incretin hormones on glucose homeostasis.
Full Definition
The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) is a G-protein coupled receptor found primarily in pancreatic beta cells, but also in other tissues including the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and cardiovascular system. When activated by GLP-1 or synthetic agonists, the receptor stimulates insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner, suppresses glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, and promotes satiety. The receptor's wide tissue distribution explains the pleiotropic effects of GLP-1-based therapies beyond glucose control, including weight loss and cardiovascular benefits. Understanding GLP-1 receptor biology has been fundamental to developing successful diabetes and obesity medications. The receptor continues to be a major target for drug development in cardiometabolic medicine.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as GLP-1R; important to distinguish from the ligand GLP-1
In Context
- "The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor is widely expressed beyond pancreatic tissue." — Pharmacology textbook
- "Mutations in the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor affect drug response variability." — Genetic study