TZD
Also written as: TZD — thiazolidinedione
Thiazolidinedione, an insulin-sensitizing antidiabetic medication class.
Full Definition
Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) are a class of antidiabetic medications that improve insulin sensitivity by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in adipose tissue, muscle, and liver. These agents reduce glucose production, enhance peripheral glucose uptake, and improve lipid metabolism. While effective for glycemic control, TZDs are associated with significant adverse effects including weight gain, fluid retention, bone loss, and increased fracture risk. Their use has declined substantially due to safety concerns, though they may still be considered in select patients with severe insulin resistance.
Usage
Usage note: TZD is the preferred abbreviation over 'glitazone' in formal documentation.
In Context
- "TZD therapy should be avoided in patients with heart failure due to risk of fluid retention." — Prescribing guideline
- "The TZD pioglitazone demonstrated cardiovascular benefits despite its metabolic side effects." — Drug review