aortic cannulation
Pronunciation: ay-OR-tik kan-yuh-LAY-shun
Insertion of a cannula into the ascending aorta to provide arterial inflow during cardiopulmonary bypass procedures.
Full Definition
Aortic cannulation involves the surgical insertion of a cannula into the ascending aorta to establish arterial inflow for cardiopulmonary bypass circuits. This technique provides oxygenated blood return from the bypass machine to the patient's systemic circulation while the heart is stopped or beating weakly. The cannulation site is typically the ascending aorta, though alternative sites such as the axillary artery or femoral artery may be used in specific circumstances. Proper cannula placement and secure fixation are critical to prevent air embolism, aortic dissection, or inadequate perfusion. Medical editors should note that this is distinct from venous cannulation, which provides drainage from the patient to the bypass circuit.
Usage
Usage note: Specify cannulation site when multiple options exist; distinguish from venous drainage cannulation.
In Context
- "Aortic cannulation was performed in the ascending aorta using a 22-French arterial cannula." — operative report
- "The surgeon opted for axillary artery cannulation rather than standard aortic cannulation due to severe aortic calcification." — case report