aprotinin
Pronunciation: ap-ROH-tin-in
A serine protease inhibitor used to reduce bleeding during cardiac surgery by inhibiting fibrinolysis.
Full Definition
Aprotinin is a natural protease inhibitor derived from bovine lungs that was historically used in cardiac surgery to reduce perioperative bleeding. It works by inhibiting plasmin, kallikrein, and other serine proteases involved in coagulation and fibrinolysis. The drug was withdrawn from many markets in 2007 due to safety concerns regarding increased mortality and renal dysfunction, though it has been reintroduced in some regions under restricted use. In cardiothoracic anesthesia contexts, editors should be aware of its controversial history and current limited availability.
Usage
Usage note: Historical context regarding withdrawal and reintroduction should be noted when editing contemporary materials.
In Context
- "Aprotinin administration was associated with reduced transfusion requirements in high-risk cardiac procedures." — research paper
- "The use of aprotinin remains restricted due to previous safety concerns." — clinical protocol