bronchospasm
Acute constriction of bronchial smooth muscle complicating anesthesia management.
Full Definition
Bronchospasm is acute constriction of bronchial smooth muscle resulting in airway obstruction, characterized by wheezing, increased peak airway pressures, and impaired ventilation. In cardiothoracic anesthesia, it may be triggered by airway manipulation, medications, or underlying reactive airway disease. Management includes bronchodilators (albuterol, ipratropium), deepening anesthesia with volatile agents, and addressing underlying causes. Severe bronchospasm can compromise oxygenation and ventilation, requiring aggressive treatment to prevent perioperative complications.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguished from laryngospasm by location and characteristic wheezing sounds.
In Context
- "Patient developed severe bronchospasm following intubation requiring nebulized albuterol." — Anesthesia record
- "Bronchospasm resolved with deepening anesthesia and bronchodilator therapy." — Intraoperative management note