cardioplegic solution
Pronunciation: kar-dee-oh-PLEE-jik soh-LOO-shun
A specialized solution containing electrolytes and additives used to arrest the heart and protect myocardium during cardiac surgery.
Full Definition
Cardioplegic solution is a specialized protective solution containing high concentrations of potassium and other electrolytes designed to induce cardiac arrest and protect the myocardium during open-heart surgery. The solution works by depolarizing cardiac cell membranes, leading to diastolic arrest while providing metabolic substrates and buffering agents to minimize ischemic damage. Various formulations exist, including crystalloid solutions (such as St. Thomas' solution) and blood-based cardioplegia, each with specific compositions and delivery methods. The solution may be delivered antegradely through the aortic root or retrogradely through the coronary sinus. Medical editors should distinguish between different cardioplegic formulations and delivery techniques in surgical documentation.
Usage
Usage note: Specify type (crystalloid vs. blood-based) and temperature when relevant; often shortened to 'cardioplegia' in context.
In Context
- "Cold blood cardioplegic solution was administered every 20 minutes to maintain myocardial protection." — operative report
- "The composition of cardioplegic solution varies between institutions, with some favoring crystalloid and others blood-based formulations." — review article