cross-clamp time
Pronunciation: CROSS klamp tym
The duration during cardiac surgery when the ascending aorta is clamped, representing the period of myocardial ischemia.
Full Definition
Cross-clamp time refers to the duration during which the ascending aorta is occluded by a cross-clamp during cardiac surgery, representing the period of global myocardial ischemia. This measurement begins when the aortic cross-clamp is applied and ends when it is removed, during which time the heart receives no antegrade blood flow from the native circulation. Cardioplegic solution is typically administered to protect the myocardium during this period. Minimizing cross-clamp time is a surgical priority, as prolonged ischemia increases the risk of myocardial dysfunction, arrhythmias, and perioperative mortality. Times are typically measured in minutes and documented precisely in operative reports for quality assessment and research purposes.
Usage
Usage note: Always hyphenate; distinguish from total cardiopulmonary bypass time, which includes periods without cross-clamping.
In Context
- "The total cross-clamp time was 78 minutes for the complex mitral valve repair." — operative report
- "Prolonged cross-clamp times are associated with increased postoperative morbidity in elderly patients." — research study