CPB
Also written as: CPB — Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Cardiopulmonary bypass, the use of a heart-lung machine to maintain circulation and oxygenation during cardiac surgery.
Full Definition
Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a technique that temporarily takes over the function of the heart and lungs during cardiac surgery. The system diverts blood from the venous circulation to an external circuit containing a pump (artificial heart) and an oxygenator (artificial lung), which maintains circulation and gas exchange while the surgeon operates on the arrested heart. CPB allows for a bloodless, motionless operative field essential for precise cardiac procedures. The technique involves anticoagulation with heparin, and various physiological parameters must be carefully monitored and controlled, including temperature, perfusion pressure, and acid-base balance.
Usage
Usage note: Always include CPB time and cross-clamp time in operative summaries. Spell out on first use in formal documents.
In Context
- "The patient was placed on CPB with ascending aortic and bicaval cannulation." — operative report
- "CPB time was 89 minutes with a cross-clamp time of 64 minutes." — perfusion record