phrenic nerve palsy
Pronunciation: FREN-ik
Paralysis of the diaphragm due to phrenic nerve injury during cardiac or thoracic surgery.
Full Definition
Phrenic nerve palsy is a complication that can occur during cardiac or thoracic surgery when the phrenic nerve is inadvertently injured, resulting in paralysis of the hemidiaphragm on the affected side. This condition can lead to respiratory compromise, particularly in patients with pre-existing pulmonary disease. The injury may be temporary due to stretch or cooling, or permanent if the nerve is transected. Diagnosis is typically confirmed by chest radiography showing an elevated hemidiaphragm and can be further evaluated with fluoroscopy or ultrasound.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from vocal cord paralysis caused by recurrent laryngeal nerve injury.
In Context
- "Post-operative chest X-ray revealed right phrenic nerve palsy with elevated hemidiaphragm." — post-operative assessment
- "The patient developed phrenic nerve palsy following complex aortic arch repair." — complication report