afterload reduction

Full Definition

Afterload reduction involves decreasing systemic vascular resistance and arterial pressure to reduce the workload on the left ventricle. This is particularly important in cardiac surgery patients with compromised ventricular function. Common agents include vasodilators such as nitroglycerin, hydralazine, and ACE inhibitors. The goal is to optimize cardiac output while minimizing myocardial oxygen consumption, especially important during weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass.

Usage

Usage note: Distinguish clearly from preload reduction when describing hemodynamic management.

In Context

• "Afterload reduction with nitroglycerin facilitated successful separation from CPB." — Anesthesia record
• "The patient required aggressive afterload reduction due to severe mitral regurgitation." — Clinical note